Glycolic acid belongs to a group of ingredients called alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs). It is commonly used as a chemical exfoliant.
It works by helping loosen the bonds between dead skin cells on the skin's surface, allowing them to shed more easily. This can make the skin appear smoother, brighter, and more even.
Regular use may also help improve the appearance of fine lines and certain types of hyperpigmentation.
Because glycolic acid can cause irritation and increase sun sensitivity, it should be introduced gradually and used alongside appropriate sun protection.